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Volumes

Overview​

Volumes are file systems (local or remote). They can be used for app data storage or mounted into apps as a way to share files.

Volumes can be added from the Volumes view:

List

The volume can be set as the data directory or mounted into an app in the app's Mounts section:

App Storage

Backups

Volumes used as app mounts are not included in backups. Back up mounted volume data separately if needed.

Mount type​

Volumes are mounted automatically on server startup via systemd under /mnt/volumes.

If you want to set up a custom fstab entry or custom systemd mount, use the Filesystem (mountpoint) type.

CIFS​

CIFS mounts CIFS shares. CIFS lacks user and group support. This makes it unsuitable for app data directories.

Cifs

Hetzner Storage Box

For Hetzner Storage Box, use /backup as the Remote Directory for the main account, or /subaccount for sub accounts.

EXT4​

The EXT4 type mounts EXT4 disks.

Use blkid or lsblk to get the disk's UUID.

Ext4

Filesystem​

Apps run sandboxed and do not have access to the host filesystem. The Filesystem type can be used to give apps access to arbitrary directories.

Apps run as different users depending on the packaging. chmod 777 permission is recommended for maximum app compatibility.

As a security measure, only host paths under /mnt, /media, /srv and /opt are allowed.

Filesystem

Filesystem (mountpoint)​

The mountpoint type is similar to filesystem. The specified path is verified to be mounted before apps are started.

As a security measure, only mount points under /mnt, /media, /srv and /opt are allowed.

Mountpoint

NFS​

NFS mounts NFSv4 shares from an NFS server. See this guide for NFS server setup.

By default, NFS maps root to nobody for security (prevents setuid files). Add no_root_squash to the NFS server's exports file to disable this.

Nfs

Insecure traffic

NFS traffic is unencrypted and can be tampered. Use NFS mounts only on secure private networks.

SSHFS​

SSHFS mounts file systems over SSH (using SFTP).

SSHFS volumes cannot be used as an app's data directory.

Sshfs

Hetzner Storage Box

For Hetzner Storage Box, use /home as the Remote Directory (or leave empty). Sub accounts may be unreliable with SSHFS. Use CIFS instead.

XFS​

XFS mounts external XFS disks.

Use blkid or lsblk to get the disk's UUID.

Xfs

Remount​

The current mount status is shown to the left. A green icon indicates a successful mount. A red icon indicates there is some problem. Use the Remount action to attempt a remount.

Remount

File manager​

The File Manager provides browser-based access to the volume:

Filemanager

Sharing​

Sharing volumes across apps requires careful permission configuration because apps run as different users.

The media group enables cross-app file access. This group includes www-data (UID 33) and cloudron (UID 1000), which most apps use.

To prepare a volume for sharing:

  • Identify the mount directory: /mnt/volumes/<volume-id> for non-filesystem volumes, or the host path for filesystem volumes.

  • Run the following commands:

root@my:/# export MOUNT_DIR=/path/to/the/mount/directory
root@my:/# chmod 777 $MOUNT_DIR
root@my:/# chgrp media $MOUNT_DIR
root@my:/# chmod g+s $MOUNT_DIR
root@my:/# setfacl -d -m g::rwx $MOUNT_DIR
root@my:/# setfacl -d -m o::rx $MOUNT_DIR

These commands ensure new files are automatically owned by the media group. Verify the configuration:

root@my:/# touch $MOUNT_DIR/test-file
root@my:/# ls -l $MOUNT_DIR/test-file
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root media 0 Nov  3 22:41 /../test-file

New files now have correct permissions for media group access.